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Shielding in Radiology
X-Ray Producing Equipment, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, and Nuclear Medicine, PET, & Molecular Imaging
All webinars are held in Central Time, see Time Zone Map Below
Overview
About this Webinar
NEXT WEBINAR SERIES COMING JAN. 2024 Medical uses of radiation have grown very rapidly over the past two decades, and remains as the largest source of manmade ionizing radiation exposure to the U.S. population. Additionally, non-ionizing radiation from Magnetic Resonance Imaging also presents unique hazards. Engineering controls from properly designed and installed safety barriers (shielding) are among the most effective strategies for protecting individuals from the hazards unique to Radiology. Therefore, understanding the design and evaluation of shields for radioactive sources, x-ray producing equipment, and MRI systems are essential for maintaining a safe imaging environment. This 4-part webinar will provide you with an in depth look at shielding common Radiology modalities including radiography, mammography, fluoroscopy, CT, MRI, Nuclear Medicine, SPECT/CT, PET/CT, and Radiopharmaceutical Therapy.
Educational Objectives
At the completion of this webinar, participants will be able to:
Session 1 - Ionizing Radiation Shielding Basics
- Understand important shielding concepts including permitted dose, workload, occupancy factor, use factor, barrier transmission factor, tenth-value and half-value layer, and attenuation of typical building materials.
- Distinguish the difference between primary and secondary xray radiation.
- Describe and the general approach for determining radiation shielding using the graphical method as well as the Archer equation.
- Understand the issues concerning radiation personal protective equipment for workers and patients.
- Understand the shielding considerations relevant to dental radiography facilities, and perform sample calculations described in NRCP report 177.
Session 2 – Radiography, Fluoroscopy, Mammography and CT
- Understand the shielding considerations relevant to mobile and fixed radiography, and perform sample calculations described in NCRP report 147.
- Understand the shielding considerations relevant to mobile and fixed fluoroscopy, and perform sample calculations described in NCRP report 147.
- Understand the shielding considerations relevant to mammography, and perform sample calculations described in NCRP report 147.
- Understand the shielding considerations relevant to computed tomography, and perform sample calculations described in NCRP report 147.
Session 3 - Nuclear Medicine and Radiopharmaceutical Therapy
- Describe the relevance of source terms for radionuclides, per-year and per-hour dose limits, as well as shielding for sealed sources, instruments, and radioactive waste.
- Describe the general radiation protection requirements in Nuclear Medicine facilities including access control, contamination control, bathrooms, area radiation monitors, and ventilation.
- Understand the considerations for determining radiation shielding for uptake and administration suites as well as in-patient radiopharmaceutical therapy suites, and perform sample calculations.
Session 4 -SPECT/CT, PET/CT and MRI
- Understand the considerations for determining shielding for SPECT/CT suites, and perform sample calculations.
- Understand the considerations for determining shielding for PET/CT suites, and perform sample calculations.
- Describe the general considerations for magnetic resonance imaging including the MR-Safety Zone concept, static magnetic field shielding, radiofrequency shielding, and acoustic/mechanical shielding.
~ AAPM endorses the educational component of this program. ~
It does not, however, endorse any
product used or referred to in the program.
Schedule
Session 1 – X-ray Producing Equipment in the Diagnostic Energy Range
- Permitted dose
- Occupancy factor
- Sources of x-ray exposure
- Models for shielded dose
- Primary Radiation
- workload
- use factor
- primary transmission
- pre-shielding
- examples
- Secondary Radiation
- scatter
- leakage
- secondary transmission
- examples
- Unshielded dose per patient
- Primary
- Secondary
- Model with per patient workload
- examples
Session 2 – Mammography, CT and MRI
- Model for representative rooms (NT/Pd2)
- Radiographic room
- Rad/Fluoro room
- Fits of NT/Pd2 data
- examples
- Shielding models for film/screen and FFDM units
- Shielding data for Tomosynthesis units
- examples
- Shielding Models
- Mammography
- CT
- CTDI-based
- DLP-based
- Transmission Data
- examples
- Static Magnetic Field Shielding
- Radiofrequency Shielding
- Acoustic/Vibrational Shielding
- Extremely Low Frequency (ELF) electric field shielding
- MRI
Session 3 - Nuclear Medicine and Radiopharmaceutical Therapy
- General Requirements
- Dose in one hour
- Annualized dose
- Shielding for nuclear medicine imaging devices
- Shielding for Radiopharmaceutical Therapy
- Source terms for radionuclides
- Special Considerations
- Storage for RAM waste
- Storage for Phantoms and Sources
- In-patient suites
- Outpatient suites
- Relevant considerations
- Perform sample calculations
Session 4 - SPECT/CT, PET/CT and MRI
- SPECT/CT
- PET/CT
- uptake room
- scanner
- Special Considerations
- CT “shine”
- Method for combining both radionuclide and CT shielding
- Examples
- Effect of half-life in shielding calculations
- Transmission data
- Method of combining both 511 keV and CT shielding
- F-18 FDG
- MRI Shielding
- MRI Zones
Audience
This webinar is for medical physicists wanting to expand their knowledge on diagnostic and nuclear medicine radiation shielding. It is also appropriate for medical physics students, residents, fellows, technologists, and biomedical engineers.
Faculty
Name
Max Amurao, PhD, MBA, DABR(D,N), MRSE, CMLSO
Max has been in the Medical Physics field for over 20 years. In addition to being heavily involved in Medical Physics education, his clinical practice encompasses Diagnostic Medical Physics, Nuclear Medical Physics, Therapeutic Medical Physics, Radiation and MRI Safety, as well as Laser Safety. He currently serves as the Radiation Safety Officer for Washington University in St. Louis, Barnes-Jewish Hospital, and St. Louis Children's Hospital. He also has faculty appointments in the Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology as well as the Radiation Oncology Department.
Credits
CAMPEP pending
This program is designed to provide 1.5 per session hours of continuing education. The program has been submitted for approval by CAMPEP for Medical Physics Continuing Education Credit (MPCEC) for qualified medical physicists.
This program provides 1.5 hours of Category A continuing education credit per session for radiologic technologists approved by ASRT and recognized by the ARRT and various licensure states. Category A credit is also recognized by CAMRT’s Continuing Education Credit Approval Program for CE credit in Canada. You must attend the entire program to receive your certificate of completion. (Approval Pending)
Time Zone
